PLJ 2006 SC 931
[Appellate Jurisdiction]

Present: Rana Bhagwandas; Saiyed Saeed Ashhad and
Nasir-ul-Mulk, JJ.

SHER ZAMAN--Appellant

versus

STATE and others--Respondents

Crl. A. No. 167/2002 and J.P. No. 14-Q/2002, decided on 31.5.2005.

(On appeal from the judgment dated 31.12.2001 of the High Court of Balochistan Quetta passed in Crl. A. No. 310/2000 and Crl. J. A. No. 130/2000).

(i)  Criminal Procedure Code, 1898 (V of 1898)--

----S. 103--Recovery of dead body and several incriminating articles on pointation of accused as witnessed by Magistrate who had also attested/verified `mushirnama' of seizure of such incriminating articles--Presence of Magistrate and attestation by him of `mushirnama'  lent credibility and sanctity to recoveries as well as to "mashirnamas" of recoveries--Non-association of public instant of S. 103 Cr.P.C. would in present case not be a circumstance adverse to prosecution.       [Pp. 940 & 941] D

(ii)  Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984 (10 of 1984)--

----Art. 40--Validity of confession--Magistrate concerned had satisfied himself that the accused was making confession voluntarily and he made efforts to find out whether confession in question, was truthful and contained true account of facts--Accused lady while being examined by Magistrate had made statement to the same effect as her disclosure in F.I.R.--No further efforts were thus, required to be made for ascertaining or verifying truth of confession--Confession in question was thus, valid and truthful--Information or disclosure of accused in custody of police officer would be admissible as evidence if in consequence thereof something relating to commission of crime was recovered--Even a statement by way of confession which distinctly relates to any fact discovered would be admissible as evidence against accused.                [Pp. 939 & 940] B & C

(iii)  Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984 (10 of 1984)--

----Art. 40--Judicial confession of accused lady assailed on the ground that judicial officer on account of his association with investigation of case, confession recorded by him would have no legal sanctity--Presence of a Magistrate or an officer of equal rank would be necessary whenever body of any dead person is to be exhumed--Apart from witnessing process of exhumation of dead body, seizure of crime weapon and other in-criminating articles and signing mushirnamas of such seizure by Magistrate concerned had not been associated and did not participate in any further proceeding during course of investigation--Such circumstances would not impair or damage his impartiality and independence so as to render judicial confession of accused lady as illegal and invalid confession.  [Pp. 938 & 939] A

(iv)  Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984 (10 of 1984)--

----Art. 43--Judicial confession--Proof of--Effect--Proved confession of accused in a case where other accused were facing joint trial for the same offence can be used as evidence/proof against person making the same while as against other accused person, such statement can be taken as circumstantial evidence.      [P. 941] E

(v)  Pakistan Penal Code, 1860 (XLV of 1860)--

----S. 302--Qanun-e-Shahadat Order (10 of 1984), Art. 43--Offence punishable with capital punishment--Retracted judicial confession--Conviction of accused for such offence can be based on retracted judicial confession if the same was found to have been made voluntarily, containing true and satisfactory account of incident and fully implicating or incriminating maker thereof, duly substantiated and corroborated by circumstantial evidence in shape of recovery of dead body, crime weapon etc. on pointation of accused--Confession of accused lady can be relied upon for convicting her for offence charged with in as much as, the same stands corroborated by very strong circumstantial evidence--Prosecution has thus succeeded in proving charge of murder against petitioner lady beyond any shadow of doubt, however, charge against co-accused/appellant was not proved--Conviction of accused lady was maintained while that co-accused was set aside.      [Pp. 941 & 942] F

1991 SCMR 643; PLD 1994 SC 314; 1999 SCMR 2003; AIR 1972 SC 3; 1991 SCMR 1643; 2003 SCMR 1419; PLD 1995 SC 336, ref.

Sardar M. Ishaq Khan, Sr. ASC for Appellant (in Crl. A. No. 167/2002).

Raja Abdul Ghafoor, ASC/AOR for State (in Crl. A. No. 167/2002).

Mr. M. Zaman Bhatti, ASC for Petitioner (in J.P. No. 14-Q/2002).

Raja Abdul Ghafoor, ASC/AOR for State (in J.P. No. 14-Q/2002).

Date of hearing : 31.5.2005.

Judgment

Saiyed Saeed Ashhad, J.--This judgment will dispose of Criminal Appeal No. 167 and Jail Petition No. 14-Q of 2002 involving common questions of law and facts which have been filed on behalf of accused Sher Zaman and Mst. Zarlashta who were convicted by the learned Sessions Judge, Musakhail at Loralai for an offence under Section 302 (b)/34 PPC and sentenced to undergo imprisonment for life. In addition, accused-appellant Sher Zaman was also sentenced to pay a fine of Rs. 1,00,000/- which when deposited was to be paid to the children of deceased Babul Khan as compensation under Section 544-A Cr.P.C. or in default of payment to undergo further RI for 5 years. The learned Sessions Judge also extended the benefit of Section 382-B Cr.P.C. to both the accused. Being aggrieved and dissatisfied with the judgment of the learned Sessions Judge, both accused Sher Zaman and Mst. Zarlashta filed criminal appeals against their conviction before the Balochistan High Court which vide judgment dated 31.12.2001 while dismissing the appeals reduced the sentence of imprisonment of appellant Sher Zaman in default of payment of fine of Rs. 1,00,000/- from 5 years RI to 6 months RI.

2.  Accused Sher Zaman feeling aggrieved and dissatisfied with the judgment of the High Court filed Crl. Petition for Leave to Appeal No. 5-Q/2002 while Mst. Zarlashta filed Jail Petition No. 14-Q/2002. Leave to appeal was granted to accused Sher Zaman, inter-alia, to examine the following points:--

(i)            As to whether confessional statement made by Mst. Zarlashta, co-accused can be used against the petitioner in terms of Article 43 of the Qanun-e-Shahadat Order as well as the judgments in the cases of Muhammad Noor and another v. Member-I, Board of Revenue, Balochistan and others (1991 SCMR 643), Arif Nawaz Khan and 3 others v. The State (PLD 1994 SC 314) and Faqirullah v. Khalil-uz-Zaman and others (1999 SCMR 2203)?

(ii)           As to whether confessional statement recorded by Abdul Hameed Magistrate, who remained associated with the investigation during the course of effecting recoveries of incriminating articles from the house of Mst. Zarlashta, can be treated a confessional statement recorded by him lawfully in terms of Section 164 read with Section 364 Cr.P.C. if so, to what effect"?

3.  The brief facts of the prosecution case as stated in the FIR lodged by PW1 Lal Khan ASI are that on 14.5.2000, petitioner Mst. Zarlashta came to Police Station Musakhail at about 12.00 noon and made a disclosure to above said Lal Khan, ASI to the effect that she alongwith appellant Sher Zaman had committed the murder of her husband-deceased Babul Khan by means of knife and thereafter they buried the dead body in a room of the house. It is the case of the prosecution that motive for the murder of Babul Khan deceased was that Mst. Zarlashta had developed illicit relations with appellant Sher Zaman and on one night, when appellant Sher Zaman was in the house of deceased Babul Khan having illicit liaison with petitioner Mst. Zarlashta, deceased Babul Khan woke up on which appellant Sher Zaman ran away. Deceased Babul Khan inquired from petitioner Mst. Zarlashta the identity of the person but inspite of physical beating, she did not divulge the name of appellant Sher Zaman. This fact was disclosed by petitioner Mst. Zarlashta to appellant Sher Zaman on which he went the house of deceased Babul Khan at about 4.00 p.m. in the evening of the day of incident and handed over some pills to petitioner Mst. Zarlashta for putting the same in the tea to be taken by the deceased who mixed the same in the tea which was taken by deceased Babul Khan at about 7.00 p.m. whereafter he went in a deep sleep. At about 11.00 p.m., appellant Sher Zaman again went to the house of deceased Babul Khan and both he and petitioner Mst. Zarlashta committed the murder of deceased Babul Khan by means of knife whereafter they buried the dead body in a room of the house. After recording her statement, SHO Hamidullah alongwith Assistant Commissioner Musakhail (PW5 Abdul Hamid) and Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Rafiq Jaffar (PW3) went to the house of petitioner Mst. Zarlashta on her pointation after digging the earth, recovered dead body of the late Babul Khan which was wrapped in a `chaddar's and a `chattai'. The dead body was taken into possession vide Memo (Ex.P/B). SHO also took into possession blood stained `chaddar' and `chattai' vide memo (Ex. P/C) besides blood stained shirt of deceased vide memo (Ex. P/D). He also secured blood stained earth vide Memo (Ex. P/E) and on search of the dead body took into possession one ring from one of the fingers of deceased vide Memo (Ex.P/F). In the meantime, petitioner Mst. Zarlashta produced blood stained `Darri' and quilt which were taken into possession vide Memos Ex. P/G & H. Petitioner Mst. Zarlashta also produced crime weapon i.e. dagger which was taken into possession vide memo Ex. P/J. Besides a spade and lantern which were taken into possession vide memos (Ex. P/K & I). Thereafter, the SHO prepared the site-plan (Ex. P/M). All the recovery memos were attested by Abdul Hamid Assistant Commissioner and witnessed by Constable Muhammad Hassan and Atta Muhammad. The dead body of the deceased was examined by PW3 Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Rafiq Jaffar who after examination issued certificate (Ex. P/N). The blood stained articles were sent to the Chemical Analyzer for analysis.

4.  On the next day i.e. 15.5.2000, petitioner Mst. Zarlashta was produced before the Assistant Commissioner (PW5 Abdul Hamid) who recorded her confessional statement (Ex. P/O) and also appended his certificate thereto. Thereafter, I.O./SHO Hamidullah arrested appellant Sher Zaman and after obtaining Chemical Analyst Report submitted challan (Ex. P/RP) before the learned Sessions Judge, Musakhail who framed charge against both the accused under Section 302/34 PPC to which they pleaded not guilty and claimed to be tried whereafter the prosecution was directed to adduce evidence in support of its case.

5.  Prosecution examined PW-1 Lal Khan ASI who reiterated the contents of the FIR which have already been reproduced in the paragraph containing the facts of the case. PW 2 Dunia Gul stated that he was informed by one of his relative Rehmat Khan that deceased Babul Khan was missing on which he went to Zhob to search for him and inquired about the deceased from his relative at Zhob who told him that deceased Babul Khan had not come. He further stated that he inquired from petitioner Mst. Zarlashta about the whereabouts of deceased Babul Khan who told him that deceased had gone to Zhob. On 14.5.2000, he was informed that dead body of the deceased Babul Khan had been found whereafter he was called by the police and he identified the dead body.

6.  PW-3 is Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Rafiq Jaffar who performed post-mortem examination on the dead body of the deceased Babul Khan and opined that the throat of the deceased was cut with a sharp edged weapon as a result of which all the blood vessels of neck were cut. He further opined that probable cause of death was due to cut of throat and profused blood loss.

7.  PW 4 Muhammad Hussain, Head Constable is the witness of disclosure memo (Ex. P/T) prepared by SHO when petitioner Mst. Zarlashta went to Police Station Musakhail on 14.5.2000 as well as of memos of recoveries of dead body, crime weapon, blood stained earth, Chadar, chattai, spade, lantern, darri and quilt. In his evidence in the Court he stated that on 14.5.2000 he alongwith PW-1 Lal Khan was present in Police Station Musakhail when petitioner Zarlashta came there and made disclosure of committing murder of her husband deceased Babul Khan alongwith appellant Sher Zaman and recovery of dead body in the room of her house. He further stated that he alongwith PW-6, SHO, PW-1, ASI Lal Khan, PW-3 Dr. Hafiz Muhammad and PW-5 Abdul Hamid Assistant Commissioner went to the house of petitioner Mst. Zarlashta from where the dead body of the deceased Babul khan was recovered after digging the floor and the aforesaid crime weapon/incriminating articles were produced by her. He testified to the memos/mushir namas of recoveries and seizure of the aforesaid articles Ex. P/B to Ex. P/H & P/J to L and admitted his signatures thereon as well as of co-mushir Ata Muhammad, constable. He further deposed that all the articles were sealed into parcel.

8.  PW-5 Abdul Hamid Assistant Commissioner had accompanied SHO, Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Rafiq Jaffar and ASI Lal Khan to the house of petitioner Mst. Zarlashta and from one of the rooms of the house, the dead body of the deceased Babul Khan was recovered by digging the floor of the room on the pointation of petitioner Mst. Zarlashta. He also stated regarding production of crime weapon and other incriminating articles and seizure thereof and preparation of mushir namas Ex. P/B to H and P/J to L. He further stated that on 15.5.2000 ASI Lal Khan produced petitioner Mst. Zarlashta before him for recording her confession u/S. 164 Cr.P.C. where upon he after satisfying himself that petitioner Mst. Zarlashta was willing to make a confession voluntarily and without any inducement or coercion recorded her statement. He stated that after recording the statement he obtained the thumb impression of petitioner Mst. Zarlashta, signed the statement himself and certified the same. He produced the same as Ex. P/Q testifying to its veracity and admitted his signature thereon as well as thumb impression of the petitioner Mst. Zarlashta.

9.  PW-6 Hameedulla SI had carried out the investigation in the case and after completion thereof submitted Challan against both petitioners Mst. Zarlashta and appellant Sher Zaman which was forwarded to the Court of learned Sessions Judge Musakhail for trial against the above two accused. Both the accused in their statements u/S. 342 Cr.P.C. completely denied all the prosecution allegations appearing against them in the evidence as well as their involvement in the above crime.

10.  Petitioner Mst. Zarlashta in her statement u/S. 342 Cr.P.C. stated that she would not give evidence on oath but subsequently she made a statement on oath on 25.9.2000 wherein she gave an absolutely different version of the incident than what she had disclosed before PW-1 Lal Khan ASI at Police Station Musakhel and in her confession recorded by PW-5 Abdul Hamid. In her statement on oath she tried to absolve herself of the murder by stating that it was appellant Sher Zaman who had committed the murder in the room of her house after sending her to another room from where she heard the noise of her husband. She was cross-examined by the learned counsel for the appellant Sher Zaman as well as by the District Attorney and in her cross-examination to the District Attorney, she admitted that on her pointation police had got recovered dead body of deceased.

11.  We have heard the arguments of Mr. Muhammad Zaman Bhatti, ASC, Sardar Muhammad Ishaq Khan, Sr. ASC on behalf of petitioner Mst. Zarlashta and accused Sher Zaman, respectively and Raja Abdul Ghafoor, ASC/AOR on behalf of the State.

12.  Mr. Muhammad Zaman Bhatti, ASC assailed the judgment of the Balochistan High Court on several grounds, as under:--

1.  That the learned Division Bench of the High Court had erred in accepting the confessional statement of petitioner Mst. Zarlashta as proper and valid inspite of the fact that it suffered from following illegalities and infirmities:--

(i)            that PW-5 while recording the confession of petitioner Mst. Zarlashta did not observe and fulfill all the legal formalities and requirements necessary to be complied with before and after recording the confessional statement;

(ii)           that PW-5 Abdul Hamid Assistant Commissioner remained deeply associated with the investigation of the accused therefore he could not be said to be an independent and impartial person. Consequently confessional statement recorded by a partisan magistrate would have no sanctity in the eye of law; and

(iii)          that PW-5 did not satisfy himself whether accused/petitioner Mst. Zarlashta had made the statement voluntarily without any inducement or coercion from any quarter and that the account given by her was true;

2.  that the learned Division Bench of Balochistan High Court committed grave illegality in relying on the evidence of PW-1 Lal Khan in Court which was made on the basis of the information/disclosure made by petitioner Mst. Zarlashta and treating the same as evidence in violation of well settled principle of criminal administration of justice that statement made to a police officer is inadmissible and cannot be treated as evidence for deciding the guilt of an accused; and

3.  that Balochistan High Court also fell in error in accepting the evidence of PW-1 Lal Khan ASI and PW-4 Muhammad Hussain Head Constable relative to recoveries of the dead body, crime weapon and other incriminating articles allegedly on the pointation of petitioner Mst. Zarlashta without insisting for a strict compliance of Section 103 Cr.P.C. in the face of the evidence that several persons from the adjoining houses had come to the house of deceased Babul Khan and witnessed the scene of incident.

13.  Sardar Muhammad Ishaq Khan appearing on behalf of accused/appellant Sher Zaman adopted the arguments of Mr. M. Zaman Bhatti, ASC and additionally submitted that both the trial Court and Balochistan High Court committed grave illegality in convicting appellant Sher Zaman on the basis of confession of co-accused Mst. Zarlashta in as much as it was not only against the provisions of the Qanun-e-Shahadat Order and the Criminal Procedure Code but also against pronouncements made by this Court in a large number of cases to the effect that confessional statement of an accused cannot be used a substantive evidence against co-accused for convicting him and in the absence of any substantive or direct evidence, whatsoever, against appellant Sher Zaman, the confessional statement of petitioner Mst. Zarlashta would not be of any assistance to establish the guilt of appellant Sher Zaman. He further submitted that the disclosure made by petitioner Mst. Zarlashta before PW.1 ASI Lal Khan in pursuance whereof dead body of deceased Babul Khan as well as crime weapon and other incriminating articles were recovered could neither be used against appellant Sher Zaman nor would advance the prosecution case against him.

14.  Learned counsel for the State supported the judgment of Balochistan High Court and submitted that there was no illegality or infirmity in the judgment and both the accused had rightly been convicted on the basis of evidence and material on record.

15.  The arguments of the learned counsel for the parties have been considered, prosecution evidence has been minutely appraised, and the relevant provisions of law as well as the judgments of the trial Court and Balochistan High Court have also been examined.

16.  Primary evidence available to the prosecution in this case is the judicial confession of petitioner Mst. Zarlashta recorded by PW-5 Abdul Hamid Assistant Commissioner. It was contended that judicial confession of petitioner was not valid and proper as it was not recorded in consonance with legal requirements necessary for recording judicial confessions. From perusal of the evidence of PW-5 Abdul Hamid, it transpires that PW-5 categorically stated that all the legal requirements and formalities necessary to be observed for recording of judicial confession were complied with by him. There is thus no reason for disbelieving the above circumstance. In view of the above, this contention is devoid of force.

17.  The next contention advanced by the learned counsel relative to the validity of judicial confession was that PW-5 Abdul Hamid was not an impartial or independent officer on account of his association with the investigation of the case, he had indeed become a part of the prosecution agency and confession made to the police or an officer associate with police would have no legal sanctity. From the evidence of PW-1 Lal Khan and PW-5 Abdul Hamid, only part which can be assigned to PW-5 Abdul Hamid is of supervising the recovery of dead body as well as of the dead body of deceased Babul Khan and other incriminating articles on pointation of petitioner Mst. Zarlashta from the house of deceased Babul Khan. He had also attested mushir namas of recoveries and seizure of above articles which were prepared by PW-1 Lal Khan in presence of PW-4 Muhammad Hussain and Atta Muhammad constables. Presence of a Magistrate or an officer of equal rank is always necessary whenever a body of a dead person is to be exhumed. Apart from witnessing the process of exhumation of dead body, seizure of crime weapon and other incriminating articles and signing the mushir namas  of  such seizure, he had not been associated and did not participate in any further proceedings during the course of investigation. The above circumstances would not impair or damage his impartiality and independence so as to render judicial confession of petitioner Mst. Zarlashta as invalid and illegal confession. This contention also lacks force and does not require consideration.

18.  The next contention with regard to the validity of the judicial confession was that PW-5 Abdul Hamid had not taken upon himself the duty of satisfying that petitioner Mst. Zarlashta was making the confession voluntarily and that it contained true facts/accounts of the incident. From perusal of the confession of the petitioner Ex. P/Q, it transpires that before recording the confession, PW-5 he had put several questions, which appear on the opening page of the confession of petitioner Mst. Zarlashta. From the answers given by petitioner Mst. Zarlashta to the above questions, it can reasonably be inferred that petitioner Mst. Zarlashta made her confession voluntarily. Relative to the question whether PW-5 had made efforts to find out whether confession was truthful and contained a true account of the facts, it may be observed that while recording confessional statement of petitioner Mst. Zarlashta, the facts of the prosecution case were within his knowledge as per FIR recorded on the disclosure petitioner Mst. Zarlashta in pursuance whereof recovery of dead body and many incriminating articles including the crime weapon was affected on her pointation. Petitioner Mst. Zarlashta while being examined by PW-5 had made statement to the same effect as her disclosure in the FIR. No further efforts were required to be made for ascertaining or verifying the truth of the confession. This contention too has no force.

19.  The next ground agitated by the learned counsel for the accused was that reliance on the evidence of PW1 Lal Khan was wrongly placed for deciding the fate of the case. It was submitted that PW1 Lal Khan had lodged the FIR on the basis of disclosure made by petitioner Mst. Zarlashta regarding the commission of an offence and that confession of an accused made to a police office regarding commission of crime is inadmissible in evidence. This contention is devoid of force. Article 40 of the Qanun-e-Shahadat Order lays down the principle whereby information received from an accused relative to the commission of an offence may be proved. It will be proper for a clear understanding to reproduce Article 40 as under:--

"40.  How much of information received from accused may be proved.

When any fact is deposed to as discovered in consequence of information received from a person accused of any offence, in the custody of a police officer, so much of such information, whether it amounts to a confession or not, as relates distinctly to the fact thereby discovered, may be proved".

20.  From a bare perusal of Article 40, it transpires that any information conveyed or disclosed by an accused to a police officer which actually leads to the discovery of some fact which fact was unknown to the police officer before such disclosure was made or information was conveyed, for the first time was derived from the accused; and further that the discovery of the fact related to the commission of the offence, then such information whether it amounts to confession or not may be proved. The information or disclosure of the accused in custody of a police officer would be admissible as evidence if in consequence thereof something relating to the commission of the crime is recovered. Even a statement by way of confession which distinctly relates to the fact discovered is admissible as evidence against the accused as held by the Supreme Court of India in the case of The Delhi Administration vs. Balakrishan (AIR 1972 SC 3). For relying on any fact from the disclosure or information by the accused as evidence for connecting him with the crime, it is also necessary that the accused should be in police custody and that the facts disclosed or found on the basis of such disclosure or information were not known to the police. For the purpose of Article 40, the word "custody" does not necessarily mean detention or confinement and if the accused comes in contact with the police officer or approaches the police station, he will be deemed to be in custody as his freedom/movement would be restricted. This contention is, therefore, without any substance.

21.  The next contention advanced by the learned counsel for the accused was that the various recoveries alleged to have been made on pointation of petitioner Mst. Zarlashta were not beyond suspicion and doubt as the same were not made in compliance with the provisions of Section 103 Cr.P.C. inspite of fact that several persons from the adjoining houses had gathered at the place of incident, but none of them was asked to witness the recoveries and to act as mashir of recovery. It was further submitted that the provisions of Section 103 Cr.P.C., were mandatory and their violation without any plausible and tangible explanation would render the recoveries illegal and of no value. No doubt that provisions of Section 103 Cr.P.C. are mandatory and persons from the locality are required to be associated for witnessing the search but departure from this mandatory provision would not per se vitiate the recovery and invalidate the conviction where such non-association was not malafide or there was no malice on the part of the police ruling out the possibility of false implication. Furthermore, the object of associating independent persons of the locality to witness the recovery is to lend sanctity and credibility to such recovery. In the present case, the recovery of dead body and several incriminating articles on pointation of accused Mst. Zarlashta were witnessed by PW5 Assistant Commissioner Abdul Hamid who had also attested/verified the mushir nama of seizure of such incriminating articles. Presence of PW5 and attestation by him of the mushirnamas  lent  credibility and sanctity to the recoveries as well as to the mashirnamas of recoveries. Thus non-association of public would in the instant case not be a circumstance adverse to the prosecution.

22.  According to the contention of Mr. Sardar Muhammad Ishaq Khan, Sr. ASC on behalf of accused Sher Zaman that a proved judicial confession in a case where more than one accused are facing trial can legally be used as substantive evidence only against the maker thereof, reference may be made to Article 43 of the Qanun-e-Shahadat Order as under:--

"43.  Consideration of proved confession affecting person making it and others jointly under trial for same offence. When more persons than one are being tried jointly for the same offence, and a confession made by one of such persons is proved.

(a)           such confession shall be proof against the persons; making it; and

(b)           the Court may take into consideration such confession as circumstantial evidence against such other person".

From a bare perusal of the above Article 43, it is absolutely clear that a proved confession of an accused in a case where other accused are facing joint trial for the same offence can be used as evidence/proof against person making it and as against other accused person, it may be taken into consideration as circumstantial evidence. Pronouncements to the above effect have been made by this Court in the cases of Muhammad Noor and another v. Member-1, Board of Revenue, Balochistan and others (1991 SCMR 643), Arif Nawaz Khan and 3 others v. The State (PLD 1994 SC 314) and Faqirullah v. Khalil-uz-Zaman and others (1999 SCMR 2203) in the case of Khalid Javed and others versus The State (2003 SCMR 1419), this Court reiterated its views/pronouncements in the afore cited judgments.

23.  The next question which arises for determination is whether the judicial confession of the petitioner Zarlashta which was retracted by her subsequently could be relied upon as substantive evidence for establishing her guilt. In this regard it is to be observed that conviction of an accused for an offence punishable with capital punishment can be based on retracted judicial confession if it is found to have been made voluntarily and containing a true and satisfactory account of the incident and fully implicating or incriminating the maker thereof duly substantiated and corroborated by circumstantial evidence in the shape of recovery of dead body, crime weapon etc. on the pointation of the accused, as held by this Court in case reported as Bahadur Khan versus The State (PLD 1995 S.C. 336). The Judicial confession of petitioner Zarlashta has been found to be voluntary, free from coercion, undue influence and inducement. It has also been found to be true in view of the attending circumstances of the case in which the maker of the confession made a disclosure before the police officer at police station of having murdered deceased Babul Khan and relating to the recovery of dead body   of   deceased   Babul   Khan,  crime  weapon  and  other  incriminating articles. In the circumstances retraction of confessional statement of petitioner Zarlashta is not of much importance and it can be relied for convicting her for the offence charged with because it stands corroborated by very strong circumstantial evidence referred to herein above.

24.  For the foregoing facts, reasons and discussion it is held that the prosecution has succeeded in proving the charge of murder against petitioner Zarlashta beyond any shadow of doubt but failed to establish the charge against appellant Sher Zaman. Accordingly, conviction of accused Zarlashta by the trial Court and upheld by the Balochistan High Court was based on proper reading of the evidence and documents on record and does not suffer from any illegality or infirmity. The same does not require any interference. However both the trial Court and Balochistan High Court committed serious illegality in holding accused Sher Zaman guilty of murder of Babul Khan and convicting him for the same as there is no evidence against him warranting his conviction.

25.  Vide short order of 31.5.2005 Jail Petition No. 14-Q of petitioner Zarlashta was dismissed refusing her leave to appeal while Cr. Appeal No. 167/2002 arising out of Cr. PLA 5-Q/2002 filed by Appellant Sher Zaman was allowed acquitting him and setting aside his conviction for reasons to be recorded. These are the reasons for the said short order.

(Aziz Ahmad Tarar)      Order accordingly.