PLJ 2010 Cr.C. (Lahore) 687
[
Multan Bench Multan]

Present: Pervaiz Inayat Malik, J.

WAHID BAKHSH--Petitioner

versus

STATE and others--Respondents

Crl. Revision No. 180 of 2007, decided on 27.5.2009.

Burden of Proof--

----The Burden of proof in a preliminary inquiry for the issuance of process in quite lighter on the complainant as compared to the burden of proof on prosecution at the trial of an offence as the prosecution is to prove case beyond reasonable doubt and at the preliminary stage the complainant is not required to dis-charge above heavy burden of proof--Court cannot over stretch the proceedings as to convert the preliminary inquiry or the averments made in the complainant to a stage of full-fledged trial of the case. It is quite an initial stage whereafter the accused is having the opportunity, apart from showing his innocence in the case at the final stage, to have a recourse to an intermediatory remedy by moving the Court showing the complainant to be false and frivolous one and requesting the Court for his acquittal u/Ss. 249-A or 265-K, Cr.P.C prior to further proceeding in the case to be taken. Mere summoning of an accused by the Court to answer the charges leveled against him does not tantamount to any infringement of any right of a person but rather an opportunity afforded to him to explain his position.         [P. 690] B

False and frivolous accusation--

----The possibility of accusation turning out to be false or frivolous at the trial should not overbear the Court from issuing the process if the material available. Prima facie discloses the case against the accused. At this stage a protracted inquiry or full dress rehearsal of trial is not required. Moreover, Section 250, Cr.P.C also provides sufficient safeguard to an accused against a false and frivolous accusation by the complainant which envisages that the Court while acquitting an accused at the trial stage, holding the charge brought against him, was false, frivolous or vexatious has sufficient power to award adequate compensation.   [P. 690] C

Criminal Procedure Code, 1898 (V of 1898)--

----Ss. 439, 202 & 203--Criminal Revision--Sufficient evidence--Deeper appreciation of evidence--Proceedings u/Ss. 202 or 203 Cr.P.C. depend upon the existence or non-existence of sufficient grounds which have been taken by Courts as existence of prima facie case--Impugned judgment passed by Sessions Judge was found to be illegal, perverse and violative of law laid down by Hon'ble Supreme Court--Held: Sufficient evidence prima facie connecting the respondents being available, there was no justification for the trial Court to dismiss the complaint at limine stage--Revision petition allowed.    [P. 690] A & D

Ch. Faqeer Muhammad, Advocate for Petitioner.

Mian Bashir Ahmad, D.P.G for State.

Mian Muhammad Mushahid Asghar, Advocate for Respondents No. 2 to 4.

Date of hearing: 27.5.2009.

Order

Briefly stated facts as those emerge out of this revision petition are that a criminal case bearing FIR No. 265/2006 dated 07-7-2006 under Section 302/34 PPC was registered on the statement of Muhammad Ismail s/o Allah Bakhsh at Police Station Kot Addu, District Muzafargarh against Faiz Bakhsh etc. for committing murder of his aunt Mst. Saeeda deceased. As per FIR Faiz Bakhsh son of Ameer Bakhsh, Muhammad Saleem s/o Muhammad Shafi, Saeed Ahmad s/o Bashir Ahmad and Muhammad Akbar s/o Karim Bakhsh husband of deceased alongwith an un-known persons were found present there, who upon seeing the complainant Muhammad Ismail in presence of witnesses Muhammad Iqbal etc. fled away. Muhammad Ismail, advocate/complainant of case FIR No. 265, however, subsequently submitted an application to the police high ups that he did not lodge the FIR as has been registered by the police and that his signatures on the alleged complaint were forged. Whereafter, present petitioner Wahid Bakhsh filed a complaint against the Respondents No. 2 to 4 titled as Wahid Bakhsh Vs Ahmad Bakhsh etc: alleging therein that Mst. Saeeda (deceased)/sister of the petitioner was married with Muhammad Akbar respondent about 17/18 years ago and from their wedlock a daughter namely Fazeela Bibi was born who is still alive and levelled a categorical allegation that the respondents committed murder. The motive of the occurrence is stated to be that Ahmad Bakhsh Respondent No. 2 had bad eye on his sister Mst. Saeeda deceased. The learned Sessions Judge Muzafargarh after recording preliminary evidence in the private complaint, vide the impugned order dated 29.5.2007 proceeded to dismiss the complaint in limine.

2.  It is inter-alia contended that learned trial Court proceeded to dismiss the complaint without any cogent reasons and lawful justification; that sufficient prima facie evidence connecting the accused/respondent being available on the record, it was, therefore, incumbent upon learned trial Court to have summoned the accused/respondents and proceeded with trial. It is added that at the time of summoning of accused/respondent only tentative assessment of evidence is permissible. Whereas, learned trial Court entered into an un-necessary exercise of deeper appreciation. In support of his contention Ch. Faqeer Muhammad, Advocate learned counsel for the petitioner rep-lies upon law laid down by Hon'ble Supreme Court of Pakistan in Noor Muhammad Vs. The State etc (PLD 2007 Supreme Court 9).

3.  Conversely Mian Muhammad Mushahid Asghar, advocate learned counsel for the Respondents No. 2 to 4 vehemently opposes the submission made at bar by learned counsel for the petitioner and submits that no evidence at all connecting the petitioner with the offence alleged against was available on record, therefore, learned trial Court rightly proceeded to dismiss the complaint in limine. Further contends that the impugned judgment being perfectly in accordance with law is liable to be maintained.

4.  Arguments heard and record perused.

5.  I find force in the arguments of learned counsel for the petitioner that learned trial Court proceeded to pass the impugned judgment by under taking exercise of discussing evidence at quite some length and also referred to the investigation conducted in the state case, referred to Supra. This obviously is a deeper appreciation of evidence which is not permissible under the law. The case law referred to Supra by learned counsel for the petitioner P.L.D. 2007 Supreme Court, is an authoritative pronouncement on the subject, which to my mind fully attracts in the facts and circumstances of the present case. In the judgment referred to Supra their Lordship were pleased to observe that the proceedings under Section 202 or 203 Cr.P.C depend upon the existence or non-existence of sufficient grounds which have been taken by Courts as existence of prima-facie case. With regards to burden of proof it was observed by their Lordship that:--

"The burden of proof in a preliminary inquiry for the issuance of process in quite lighter on the complainant as compared to the burden of proof on prosecution at the trial of an offence as the prosecution is to prove case beyond reasonable doubt and at the preliminary stage the complaint is not required to dis-charge above heavy burden of proof. The Court cannot over stretch the proceedings as to convert the preliminary inquiry or the averments made in the complaint to a stage of full-fledged trial of the case. It is quite an initial stage whereafter the accused is having the opportunity, apart from showing his innocence in the case at the final stage, to have a recourse to an intermediatory remedy by moving the Court showing the complaint to be false and frivolous one and requesting the Court for his acquittal under Section 249-A or 265-K, Cr.P.C prior to further proceeding in the case to be taken. Mere summoning of an accused by the Court to answer the charges levelled against him does not tantamount to any infringement of any right of a person but rather an opportunity afforded to him to explain his position."

It was further observed that:--

"The possibility of accusation turning out to be false or frivolous at the trial should not overbear the Court from issuing the process if the material available. Prima facie discloses the case against the accused. At this stage a protracted inquiry or full dress rehearsal of trial is not required. Moreover, Section 250, Cr.P.C also provides sufficient safeguard to an accused against a false and frivolous accusation by the complainant which envisages that the Court while acquitting an accused at the trial stage, holding the charge brought against him, was false, frivolous or vexatious has sufficient power to award adequate compensation."

6.  As observed in preceding para the law laid down by Hon'ble Supreme Court of Pakistan in Noor Muhammad case referred to Supra fully clinches the matter and no other view can be allowed to be taken.

7.  For what has been discussed above, the impugned judgment passed by learned Sessions Judge Muzafargrah dated 29.5.2007 is found to be illegal, perverse and violative of law laid down by the Hon'ble Supreme   Court   referred   to   Supra.  Sufficient   evidence  prima  facie connecting the respondents being available. There was no justification for the learned trial Court to dismiss the complaint at limine stage. This petition, therefore, is allowed. Consequently the impugned judgment is set-aside. The net result would be that complaint filed by the present petitioner before learned Sessions Judge Muzafargarh shall be deemed to be pending. Lahore trial Court is directed to proceed further in the matter in accordance with law.

(A.S.)   Revision allowed.